MeshSimplification

git clone : https://github.com/lym29/MeshSimplification

This is an implementation of the mesh simplification algorithm using quadric error metrics, which is a simple case (Simplification of geometry) in the work of Hugues Hoppe. A visualization system including simple keyboard interface is also implemented based on OpenGL. It takes about 40 seconds to work on meshes with 2500 vertices.

Implementation Detail

For each face $f$ of the original mesh, a quadric $Q^{f}(\mathbf{v})$ can be defined as the squared distance of a point $v$ to the plane to which $f$ belongs. Suppose $f$ is consisted of three vertices $(\mathbf{v}_1, \mathbf{v}_2, \mathbf{v}_3)$, this quadric can be written as

$$Q^{f}(\mathbf{v}) = [\mathbf{n}^T (\mathbf{v} - \mathbf{v}_1)]^2 = \mathbf{v}^{T}\left(\mathbf{n} \mathbf{n}^{T}\right) \mathbf{v}+2 d \mathbf{n}^{T} \mathbf{v}+d^{2}$$

where $\mathbf{n}$ is the face normal of $f$ and $d=-\mathbf{n}^{T} \mathbf{v}_{1}$ .

Each vertex v of the original mesh is assigned the sum of quadrics on its adjacent faces weighted by face area:

$Q^{v}(\mathbf{v})=\sum_{f \ni v} \operatorname{area}(f) \cdot Q^{f}(\mathbf{v})$

After each edge collapse $(v_1, v_2) \rightarrow v$ , the new position of $v$ should minimize the two quadrics related to $v_1$ and $v_2$. This minimum can be easily obtained by solving the linear system: $\nabla Q^{\nu}(\mathbf{v}) = 0$

By iterating over all edges of original mesh, we can select the edge that leads to the lowest minimum as the next edge for collapse.

Usage

Keyboard Interface

• F1 : read file "../meshes/Bunny.obj"
• F2 : read file "../meshes/Bunny_head.obj"
• F3 : read file "../meshes/Balls.obj"
• F4 : select display mode, switch among "flat", "wire" and "flat-wire"
• SHIFT : start to simplify current mesh, enter the target number of vertices as prompted by the console
• F5 : choose which mesh to show, switch between original mesh (read from file) and current mesh

Mouse Interface

• Wheel Up/Down : Zoom Out/In
• Left Mouse : camera rotation

Compile

IDE: Visual Studio 2017

3rd party library required: OpenGL, Eigen3.3.7, freeglut 3.2.1, OpenMesh 8.0

(OpenMesh is complied from source code, only OpenMeshCore and OpenMeshTools need to be installed)

Support compiling with CMake. Path to external library may need to be modified in CMakeList.

Results

Information displayed by self-defined control panel

Example 1 : Stanford Bunny

Original Bunny mesh (2503 vertices); Left : flat mode; Right : wire mode

Simplified Bunny mesh (1000 vertices); Left : flat mode; Right : wire mode

Simplified Bunny mesh (500 vertices); Left : flat mode; Right : wire mode

Simplified Bunny mesh (250 vertices); Left : flat mode; Right : wire mode

Example 2 : Bunny Head

Original Bunny mesh (741 vertices); Left : flat mode; Right : wire mode

Simplified Bunny mesh (370 vertices); Left : flat mode; Right : wire mode

Simplified Bunny mesh (135 vertices); Left : flat mode; Right : wire mode

Simplified Bunny mesh (741 vertices); Left : flat mode; Right : wire mode

Example 3 : 3 balls

UpperLeft: Original 3balls model(547 vertices); UpperRight: Simplified model (270 vertices); LowerLeft: simplified model (135 vertices); LowerRight: simplified model (70 vertices)